Gender, Authority and Dissent in English Mystical Writers Essay Example for Free

Sexual orientation, Authority and Dissent in English Mystical Writers Essay The Book of Margery Kempe absolutely incited an exceptional measure of discussion, not least in the present but rather voluntarily also; a discussion that fixated on her situation as a spiritualist. This position involved having genuine information on God, to progress in the direction of an association with him where they would basically get one. Margery Kempe, in any event sees herself to be one of Gods vessels through which He can permit her to encounter profound dreams and sentiments. It is in her book that Kempe passes on through words what she viewed as the most critical of these encounters, all together that the individuals who read them would determine incredible solace and comfort. It is Kempes individual and splendid adjustment of what was initially a control for sheltered elites1 that causes to notice her. However it is this individual voice, the style she uses, and her firm relationship with the market world that addresses her encounters of higher examination. Positively Kempe doesn't adjust to the singular existence of a regular spiritualist, much like Richard Rolles proclamation of running off into the forested areas, and at one point she is even sad and lamenting in light of the fact that she has no organization. However she utilizes a significant number of her cooperations with others to affirm her situation as a spiritualist. She visits the respected spiritualist Julian of Norwich to look for exhortation with regards to whether her dreams were veritable or not (Chapter 18), and gets affirmation from Thomas Arundel, Archbishop of Canterbury. Basically what it has been proposed that Kempe encounters is a more significant level of consideration positive supernatural quality. This was the quest for God through human symbolism, which demands the physical as a real methods for access to the spiritual.2 Certainly one of the standard examples in supernatural experience were the sentiments of affection between the spiritualist and God which is regularly portrayed as fire, thus Rolles Incendium Amoris. Kempe takes note of that there was a voracious fire of affection which consumed full sore in her spirit, and that Christ had set her spirit all ablaze with adoration. Subsequently the power of her dreams can not be brought into question as she absolutely shares with [the tradition] a mysterious feeling of God at work in human experiences.3 These human encounters incorporated her own body, as she endures ailment and guilty pleasures in self-mutilation, wearing a haircloth, fasting and in any event, gnawing her hand so savagely that she must be secured. In any case, the dreams that Kempe encounters, as spiritualists saw them as endowments, are not a result of productive supplicating and pondering. In many manners what she passes on is an impersonation of what numerous female European spiritualists experienced, similar to Bridget of Sweden and Dorothy of Montou or Catherine of Siena. She looks for avocation for her supernatural remaining by connecting herself near others and, however ignorant gets a lot of her motivation from such magical messages as Incendium Amoris, Stimulus Amoris, and Walter Hiltons Scale of Perfection. In any case, as Glasscoe has called attention to, her otherworldly encounters were not a simple thing for Kempe to reflect on. Though Hilton concentrated on inward profound development, Kempe can just clarify her amazing quality through what was recognizable to her the body.4 She even says that occasionally, what she saw genuinely was to be seen profoundly. In this way, though her dreams may at numerous focuses appear to be extraordinary and even offensive it doesn't really imply that she was encountering anything short of what is viewed as supernatural. What likewise motivates Kempe, while additionally bringing into question her status as a spiritualist is the way that she was a lady who was immovably positioned on the planet. David Aers portrays her as a free businessperson, who before her underlying vision was dynamic in the market economy, putting away cash, sorting out open work and utilizing men.5 Mysticism was overwhelmingly pensive, and there was very little talked about the dynamic life, except for Walter Hiltons constructive depiction of the blended life. Anyway as opposed to tolerating that she is excessively occupied with common occupations that must be gone to to6, as Hilton proposed, Kempe coordinates the monetary world into her supernatural quality. Shelia Delany recommended that in her work one is continually mindful of the money nexus. 7 This is valid as in Kempe even hits an arrangement with Jesus, as in he turns into the middle person between Kempes social obligations as a spouse and her craving to lead the profound life. Through Christs assist she with canning lead the virtuous life by paying off her significant other, subsequently taking care of every one of his obligations (Chapter 11. p.60). Atkinson, remarked that what Kempe makes is a God, who controlled the economy of salvation, [and] worked as an extraordinary broker of a shipper prince.8 Also Kempes drive for more is additionally demonstrative of her market drive esteems, in a similar sense that she sees that by offering good cause to her kindred Christians she will get in paradise twofold prize. This bizarre market driven line of thought isn't the main factor that recognizes her from her ancestors. Her style of composing is extraordinary and her dreams are positively special. She effectively participates in a considerable lot of the encounters, utilizing discourse, as Carol Coulson has recommended to infuse herself into the sacred narrative,9 even at one point going about as the handmaiden to God, and as a substitution to the scriptural figure Mary Magdalene. Her first vision is additionally close to home, and somehow or another tamed. Jesus is said to have showed up in the resemblance of a manclad in a mantle of purple silk, sitting upon her bedside. The Incarnation is taken to the outrageous, where her dreams now and again sit outside the recorded snapshots of the Bible and become some portion of her own reality. Regardless of separating herself by considering herself the animal all through the content many have blamed her work for acting naturally consumed I have let you know before that you are a solitary admirer of God, and along these lines you will have a particular love in paradise, a particular prize and a particular respect. Positively her relations with God are extremely close to home, and from numerous points of view passed on in sexual terms, as when Christ says to her Daughter, you significantly want to see me, and you may strikingly, when you are sleeping, accept me to you as your married spouse. Nonetheless, again this incredible pageantry and pride, is said to rise up out of her experience as a female inside a urban class which encouraged inside her a solid feeling of class character and self-value.10 A self-esteem that she never truly consents to surrender, consequently in light of the fact that she declines to customarily quieten oneself, Kempe doesn't sit serenely as a spiri tualist. Correspondingly she never truly forsakes her longing for common products. She even concedes in the primary parts that after her underlying vision she would not surrender her common recreations, and still took have a great time natural things. This naturalness proceeds all through the book. At a certain point she clarifies that she was humiliated in light of the fact that she was not dressed as she would have gotten a kick out of the chance to have been for absence of cash, and wishing to go about unrecognized until she could mastermind a credit she held a cloth before her face. This humiliation doesn't hold well with the lower phase of supernatural quality in which the visionary is to dissipate themselves of every single natural issue so their spirit is available to paradise. Her mystery is headed to amass. She won't be content with the products that God has sent her, while ever [desiring] to an ever increasing extent. From God she can achieve otherworldly status, while through her (fathers) social position she keeps up natural standing, therefore she is gotten between two (manly) universes. As David Aers has noticed the market world never truly gets censure in her enchanted world, in truth it stays a characteristic piece of it.11 Yet to consider her to be the survivor of an industrialist society is, as Glasscoe keeps up, to disregard her acknowledged purpose.12 However it is difficult to disregard the component of madness in her work. She absolutely encounters the customary enchanted difficulty that her dreams will never be genuinely passed on to the individuals who remain outside it, that herself would never tell the beauty that she felt, it was so sublime, so high over her explanation and her real witsthat she may never communicate it inside her reality like she felt it in her spirit. Anyway her Gift of Tears, wherein she cries plentifully and fiercely, end severely this quiet of consideration. It might be anyway that her uproarious shouts and cries pass on her dedication and legitimize her higher state. Unquestionably custom demonstrated that spiritualists thought of themselves as vehicles for misery and their wrecked voices and gashed bodies mirrored the worry under which they laboured.13 Her crying pointed out her being, even time permitting when groups rushed to see her, turning out to be to some degree a scene. These tears are very nearly an indication of her richness in her scrutinizing life, and furthermore advocated in the Bible Psalm cxxvi, 5-6 says that they that sow in tears will procure in happiness. He that goeth forward and weepeth, bearing valuable seed, will without a doubt come back again with celebrating Her tears hence, albeit extraordinary and lead numerous all through her work to censure her, are basically an indication of beauty showing that the Incarnation for Kempe was an ever-present reality.14 Ursula Peters proposed that female spiritualists, through mystery turned internal and [discovered] approaches to depict their own experiences.15 In certainty the job Kempe plays as a lady is essential to her entire enchanted understanding, and somehow or another may in any event, bring it into question. In her encounters with God she plays the spouse, the mother, the sister and the girl. At the point when her spouses shouts that she is nothing but bad wife it again exhibits that Kempe battled between two universes, that of the profound and that of her family responsibilities. St Bernard once declared that normal human inclination doesnt must be smothered however diverted into God, and somehow or another this is exactl

Organ Sales Essay Example For Students

Organ Sales Essay Since 1984, the purchasing and selling of human organs has been unlawful in the United States. This denial on organ markets is exceptionally dubious. Later on it may not be the issue that it is today a direct result of advances in the field of medication. Lamentably, at the present time there is an expanding shortage of organs, and the sitting tight records for livers, hearts, and other such organs get longer regular. Individuals are kicking the bucket from this law, a year ago, 4,855 individuals passed on sitting tight for organ transplants in the United States (Waiting For a Chance to Live). To cure this issue, the Federal government should annul the restriction on the offer of human organs; they should keep close tabs and force guidelines so as to keep the market reasonable. This practical and moral issue is one in which government obstruction would profit the people in question. In the event that individuals do really possess a certain something, it is our own bodies, and we ough t to have the option to do with them however we see fit. Its lawful to sell your hair or conceptive materials, yet by one way or another officials have gone to the choice that the offer of a kidney is unique in relation to a lady selling a grasp of her eggs. Clinical think-tanks can make immense benefits off of items that originate from DNA or cells taken without assent. Notwithstanding the numerous moral worries that a few people may have, in a free nation we ought to have the benefit in any capacity we can insofar as it doesnt hurt others. Any living individual ought to have the option to sell their organs, yet just to the administrations, as certain specialists in the field of transplants have proposed. The legislature could then scatter the organs as they saw fit, to the most wiped out people first. There ought to likewise be severe guidelines on the state of the organs being sold, to maintain a strategic distance from an inundation of terrible organs into the market from indivi duals who are edgy for cash. Blood donation centers had a quality issue until they changed to a carefully intentional premise, however that is the framework which organ banks use now, and it is clearly miserably insufficient. There are basically too not many individuals ready to give their organs. Brian Nottage says of the sit tight for kidneys, If permitted to exchange unreservedly, a balance amount that is higher than this sum would without a doubt result, taking out the greater part of the deficiency and holding up time. His numbers show that a $20,000 increment in the cost for a kidney would bring around a half higher gift rate. He additionally says that the deadweight loss of government assistance ?could be as high as $100 million. Dead body organs ought to be viewed as reasonable game too. Some conspicuous individuals in the clinical and moral networks have propelled the possibility that except if in any case indicated, assent for gift ought to be accepted. This is additionally how some European countries have come to manage the ever-developing issue. Enhancements during the previous decade in the security and viability of liver, heart, and kidney transplants instigated a quick development in the interest for organs, which now far surpasses gracefully. (How Uncle Sam Could Ease the Organ Shortage) This shows how the interest for organs is versatile. The flexibly of organs is versatile also, yet with no new motivating forces to give or the option to sell organs, the gracefully has leveled off, leaving an expanding measure of individuals on holding up records. Presently, while government obstruction in exchange is typically a terrible thing, it would for this situation help to guarantee that everybody needing a transplant got one. There are accounts of affluent outsiders coming to American centers and utilizing cash to hop the holding up records and get transplants while less fortunate individuals abandon the kidneys or livers they need. Since a coupling value roof would cause a lack, the administration should let the market locate its own harmony. But since this could possibly leave individuals without the way to buy one all alone exposed to the harsh elements of reality, the administration could enable more unfortunate patients to out monetarily in some way. The upsides of a cancelation on the restriction would be that a great many individuals who in any case would have passed on while hanging tight for an organ transplant would live, and others can have a tad of additional cash just as the information that they helped somebody live. There are a lot of anecdotes about organ cheats, since it is stated, that if any market is illicit, there will be a bootleg market for it. Sanctioning organ deals would clear out any opportunity of this occurrence whatsoever, implausible all things considered. On the off chance that the market for organs was authorized, it would at first raise the cost of organs. Be that as it may, as an ever increasing number of transplants were performed in light of the fact that flexibly was fulfilling need, or if nothing else coming nearer, the tasks would turn out to be considerably more daily practice, and the cost would fall as this occurred, which would make it progressively reasonable for everybody. English Essays

Polar Bears Essay Example for Free

Polar Bears Essay Polar bears are found in the Northern half of the globe inside the US, Canada, Russia, Denmark and Norway. It is evaluated that there are twenty thousand to twenty 5,000 polar bears on the planet. Grown-up male polar bears can quantify eight to ten feet tall with a load of 200 and fifty to 700 kilograms. Grown-up female bears are a lot littler gauging ninety to 300 and twenty kilograms. Seals are the essential prey of the polar bear. The ringed seal is the most loved eating routine of the polar bear. Polar bears for the most part eat just the fat if chasing is acceptable and leave the remainder of the corpse for scroungers. Polar bears are additionally known to eat walrus and beluga whales. They have been known to chase reindeer, winged animals, kelp and stranded whales. The polar bear is at the highest point of the evolved way of life in the Arctic. It assists with keeping up the equalization of nature by forestalling the overpopulation of seals. The normal life expectancy of a polar bear is between fifteen to eighteen years. A few bears have been found to live until their thirties (Bruemmer 23,1989). Female polar bears have two fledglings in a litter. They have one of the slowest conceptive paces of any warm blooded creature. The offspring are conceived in snow lairs called maternity sanctums. Researchers have perceived that there an expected nineteen unmistakable populaces of polar bears with no subspecies. Polar bears don't have foes however they may see people as potential enemies. The greatest risk confronting the polar bear is the adjustment in the atmosphere. Polar bears are adjusted to get by in the unforgiving states of the Artic where the temperatures can plunge to - 50 F. Polar bears have two layers of hide which give great assurance and protection that forestalls any warmth misfortune. They likewise have a thick layer of fat which estimates four inches (Matthews 41, 1993). Another adjustment of the polar bear is the smaller ears and little tail which forestall heat misfortune. While being shielded from the chilly, they experience issues with overheating which can happen even in chilly climate. Polar bears have little knocks called papillae which help shield their feet from slipping on ice. They have solid amazing hooks that permit them to get seals. They have a ground-breaking nose enough to distinguish prey which is miles away (Hemstock 63, 1999). The polar bear can adjust to the brutal condition of the Arctic since it has a thick fur garment which gives insurance. Long and thick gatekeeper hairs are available outside the thick fur garment. An undercoat comprises of short wooly hairs in the polar bear. Daylight can legitimately reach the polar bear’s skin utilizing watch hairs which go about as empty cylinders. The shade of the bear’s skin inside is dark while from the outside it looks white. The brown complexions help in ingestion of warmth. The layer of lard under its skin helps keep it warm in frosty water just as ashore. For individuals, the Arctic seems, by all accounts, to be a brutal domain yet for creatures like the polar hold on for the right adjustments, it doesn't turn into a cruel situation for them. Polar bears live in a domain which is portrayed by the freezing of the sea which structures ocean ice. The bear has paws which give a decent grasp on the smooth and cold surface. It helps in keeping the balance on elusive ground. Another adjustment of the polar bear is the unpleasant cushions which gives it a non slip hold. The bear guarantees its feet are warm a result of the thick hide between the cushions. The front paws have sharp and bended paws which act like snares that give climbing capacities to the polar bear on ice. They additionally help in diving in the ice while chasing seals. Albeit polar bears don't sleep in the genuine sense, a few bears particularly female pregnant bears can burrow caves and rest. They bring forth whelps inside the lairs in late-fall. They remain inside the cave till spring. The den’s temperature can associate with forty degrees Fahrenheit in light of the nearness of a warm and large bear.â Hibernation is an adjustment by the polar bear which they for the most part do when tempests and blowing snow make travel and chasing troublesome (Lockwood 23, 2006). They twist up and let the snow spread them. They wind up being warm inside the snow as contrasted and the air. Polar bears have a yellowish shade to their jackets which can happen because of recoloring from seal oils. This coat permits it to mix with the snow secured condition. It is a significant chasing adjustment by the polar bear in the brutal condition of the Arctic. The front legs are bowl legged and pigeon toed which is another assurance from slipping on the ice. The marine condition wherein polar bears live has caused them to develop numerous adjustments to endure. They have white shading which helps cover them and gives them a bit of leeway during chasing of seals. They have water repellent watchman hairs and thick under hide which helps in retaining heat. Polar bears can make a strong grasp on tricky ice utilizing little pull cups on the bottoms of their feet.  Teeth of the polar bears are appropriate for a predatory eating regimen. Their capacity to store tremendous measures of fat ensures them during nourishment shortage (Sage 147, 1986).  They have teeth which are particular for a predatory instead of omnivorous eating routine. This stockpiling limit can help for taking care of purposes if chasing season isn't acceptable. While seals are the most loved nourishment of polar bears, walruses and whales can likewise be pursued and eaten by them. They can even eat cadavers and carcass of whale and seals which are found along the coast. They have brilliant swimming capacities which assist them with intersection inlets or leads. Their swimming capacities are ground-breaking as they empower the bear to swim over significant distances. Research directed by researchers has discovered that polar bears can swim constantly for one hundred kilometers (Rosing 78, 1996). The front paws can help drive them through the water. Level rear feet and legs help the polar bear to utilize them as rudders. The polar bear can remain warm inside the virus water because of the thick layer of fat. Polar bears can achieve a swimming pace of ten kilometers for each hour. They can stay submerged by shutting their noses. They get their prey by making shallow jumps inside the virus water. They swim submerged of profundities of three to four meters. They can stay submerged for a timeframe of two minutes (Domico 25, 1988). The internal heat level of a polar bear is typically ninety eight degree Fahrenheit.  Temperature guideline is accomplished by the thick layer of hide and extreme stow away. Extra warmth guideline is achieved by protecting layer of fat. Protection is incredible to the point that in any event, during temperature drops the bear stays warm. Anyway the issue of overheating remains due to the solid protection. So as to keep their bodies from getting overheated, the polar bears intermittently take rests and move at a moderate speed. The polar bear can discharge overabundance heat from the body in territories where the hide is missing like nose, ears, inward thighs and shoulders. Abundance warmth can likewise be discharged through veins which are nearer to the skin (Dalziel 14, 1994). Swimming is an adjustment by the polar bear by which they can cool themselves during hot days or after physical action. Polar bears enter a condition of meat eater laziness which is like hibernation. Their crucial body capacities proceed and the internal heat levels stay steady during flesh eater dormancy. The internal heat level drops marginally as the female polar bear fasts all through hibernation. They may lose most or the entirety of their fat stores. Research has inferred that polar bears which don't rest during times of nourishment deficiencies can productively utilize their vitality holds like sleeping bears. The brutal condition of the Arctic has brought about the polar bear utilizing numerous adjustments to the difficulties of such a situation. Researchers have acknowledged how polar bears utilizing their adjustments can make due for two decades or more on the icy ice of the Arctic Circle (Derocher 140, 1990). The wild bear is found in the wildernesses, streams and piles of western North America. Contrasted and the polar bear, the mountain bear is found in the uplands of western North America. It is a single creature which lives close to streams, lakes and waterways. Females produce one or four youthful offspring which rabbit little. They can arrive at loads of one hundred and eighty kilograms. They have rear legs as guys are bigger than females. The gigantic size of the bear helps in pulling in females for rearing purposes. The shade of the wild bear is not quite the same as the polar bear because of the various conditions with respect to abstain from food and temperature (Lyman 23, 1982). The wild bear has amazing burrowing capacities due to the huge mound over its shoulders. Mountain bears have huge round heads which give great running paces to them. They are more slow running downhill in view of the enormous mound of muscle over their shoulders. Mountain bears have longer paws and cranial profiles as contrasted and the polar bear. Mountain bears will in general eat eighty to ninety pounds of nourishment for each day to permit it to sleep in the winter. It can assemble beds under branches or burrow openings under the ground which is an adjustment that permits it to be ensured without the requirement for nourishment. Wild bears have long paws as contrasted and polar bears as they have to get salmon and burrow. It gives the grizzlies a simpler time to get nourishment for its young fledglings and itself. Like polar bears they have likewise built up a sharp feeling of smell to discover nourishment for their young offspring. They don't have great vision as contrasted and polar bears. The grizzlies have adjusted to their less cruel condition by having a decent feeling of smell which permits them to track down things (Nowak 52, 1991). The unforgiving ice condition of the polar bear has constrained it to make numerous adjustments which help to guarantee its endurance. The polar bear’s most loved prey is the seal. I

Hitting the Brakes Toyota in Crisis - 550 Words

Hitting the Brakes: Toyota in Crisis (Research Paper Sample) Content: First and Last Name Professor's Name Business Studies 6 April 2016 Case Study: "Hitting the Brakes: Toyota in Crisis.à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  Case Overview: Key Points Based on their commitment to quality, Toyota Motors built a world-class automotive brand, which was known for its reliability, innovation, consumer focus, and excellent workmanshipCITATION Ged15 \p 99 \l 6154 (Fan, Geddes and Flory 99). However, the company began facing trouble in 2007 when it was forced to recall over 55,000 Camry and Lexus models equipped with all-weather floor matsCITATION Ged15 \p 100 \l 6154 (Fan, Geddes and Flory 100). The recall was sanctioned due to the floor mat's possibility of causing pedal entrapment, and subsequently, in 2009, an approximate 2.8 million Lexus and Toyota models were recalledCITATION Str13 \p 293 \l 6154 (Parnell 293). As events unfolded, Toyota took another massive blow from the NHTSACITATION Ged15 \p 105 \l 6154 (Fan, Geddes and Flory 105). The company was accused of allowing the problem to continue unattended, which was then compounded by a declaration from a prior employee who turned over documents which proved Toyota committed criminal actions which led to the recall incident and various accidentsCITATION Ged15 \p 101 \l 6154 (Fan, Geddes and Flory 101). Following Toyota's massive losses and decreased sales, their main competitors (GM and Ford) took advantage of the situation and offered Toyota buyers an extra $1000 rebate to trade in their Toyota modelsCITATION Neu11 \p 231 \l 6154 (Neufeld 231). This caused further losses for the company, and in 2010-2011, GM's sales increased by 14 percent, while Toyota's declined 16 percentCITATION Neu11 \p 231 \l 6154 (Neufeld 231). Even though Toyota moved fast to solve the problem, the damage was irreversible. Consumers lost trust in Toyota products as a result of the evidence pointed directly to the company being the main culprit. Case Analysis To a certain extent, Toyota's upper management can be blamed for the incidentCITATION Neu11 \p 231 \l 6154 (Neufeld 231). It is no secret that companies strive for profits, and the evidence, in this case, pointed to an apparent disregard of protocol which led to a quality failure. The recall was preventable if proper measures such as quality checks and other routine preventive measures were put into action before the crisis. Additionally, if the crisis did occur, the same measures would prevent any further damage. Toyota reacted too late; they did not take preventive measures and did not implement a quick intervention to ammend the damage. Much of the leacked information that was provided by Toyota's ex-employee incriminates some of the upper management. The documents brought to light made it clear that key members of management had knowledge of the faulty parts. It also proved that the brake systems were not being properly tested, and management decided to ignore this fact which consequently resulted in the crisis. However, the most compelling evidence showed the lack of response from Toyota. Even after it was evident that the brake system was faulty, there was a latent reaction to fix it and to make massive recalls. The NHTSA and the US government took drastic actions towards Toyota. However, they were pertinent to the crime. Along with minor accidents suffered by Toyota drivers due to the faulty pedals, by 2014, there were 14 confirmed deaths which were directly linked to the faulty pedal. Taking the death toll into account and the company's lack of effort to recall the vehicles faster, all actions taken against Toyota by the government were justified. Application If the CEO of Toyo...

Tda 2.2 - 1843 Words

TDA 2.2 Task 1 1.1 * Identify the current legislation, guidelines, policies and procedures for safeguarding the welfare of children and young people, including e-safety. These are as follows Children’s act 1989/2004 Education act 2002 ECM/EYFS E safety 2008 Human rights act Equal opportunities act Safeguarding Health and safety Disability Discrimination act/ SENDA 1.2 * Describe the roles of different agencies involved in safeguarding the welfare of children and young people. Social services- They work in partnership with families and other agencies. When a concern is raised about a child they can carry out assessments. Meet and conduct interviews with the child and family members. Liaise with and gather other information from†¦show more content†¦There are risks of sexual or emotional abuse when using modern technologies. The most common risks are giving out personal information about themselves. Accessing inappropriate information, often accidentally when innocent words are put into search engines. Consequences of sharing personal information- children often put personal information about themselves on social networking sites etc. This makes them easy to be identified. Information such as addresses, phone numbers and photographs. This can make them easy targets for adults who want to exploit them by building friendships with children online with an intention of meeting them (grooming). They could encourage children to engage in the conversations of a sexual nature. Taking and/or distributing photos using the internet. Risks of accessing inappropriate information. There is a high risk of children accidentally accessing inappropriate or even pornographic materials, when searching for information online. Children and young people must be supervised when using computers in school to minimise the risks even though the computers may have firewalls already in place. Its essential children are aware of the risks and of ways to protect themselves. They should also know how to report things they may come across. 3.3 * Describe the actions to take in response to evidence or concerns that a child or young person had been abused, harmed (including self-harm) or bullied, or may be at risk fromShow MoreRelatedTda 2.2 2.12437 Words   |  10 Pagesneed to be treated in an intensive care unit (ICU). If the antibiotics work well, a child or young person should spend about a week in hospital, or maybe less. But if you are severely ill you may need to stay in hospital for weeks or even months. | 2.2 Actions taken when children or young people are ill or injured * Should a person become ill or require first aid, it is important that everyone knows what to do. There are telephones situated outside classrooms, which have a direct line to the officeRead MoreTda 2.2 Safeguarding the Welfare of Children and Young People2049 Words   |  9 PagesLorraine Bale TDA 2.2 Safeguarding the welfare of children and young people 1.1 United Nations convention protection of children’s act- when was the 1st legislation impacted. It was drawn up in 1989, but the United Kingdom decided on 16th December 1991 formally agreed to make sure that every child has the same rights listed in the convention. Signed 20th November 1989 Location New York Effective 2nd September 1990 Condition 20 ratifications Signatories 140 Parties 194 Depositary UN secretary generalRead MoreTda 2.2 Childcare Nvq Level 21248 Words   |  5 PagesTDA 2.2 Safeguarding the welfare of children and young people Different agencies involved in safeguarding the welfare of children and young people and their roles: †¢ Local safeguarding children board- they look into the death of children who have been abused or neglected. And how different professionals/agencies have dealt with it. †¢ General practitioner- Can refer to necessary agencies i.e. social services/police and they provide a report for child protection conference. †¢ National society forRead MoreTda 2.2 Safeguarding the Welfare of Children and Young People2112 Words   |  9 PagesTDA 2.2: Safeguarding the Welfare of Children and Young People. L.O 1 1.1. Identify current legislation, guidelines, policies and procedures for safeguarding the welfare of children and young people. All children have the right to be kept safe and looked after. The United Nations Convention on the rights of a child (1989) is a treaty that sets out the rights and freedoms of all children in a set of 54 articles. Children’s Act 1989: Identifies the responsibilities of parents and professionals whoRead MoreTda 2.2: Safeguarding the Welfare of Children and Young People2348 Words   |  10 PagesTDA 2.2: safeguarding the welfare of children and young people 1.1 Safeguarding legislations: ï‚ § Health and safety policy ï‚ § Healthy and safety at work act (1974) ï‚ § Every child matters framework (covered on page 20) ï‚ § Working together to safeguard children (2006 and 2010) ï‚ § Safeguarding policy ï‚ § Children act (1989 and 2004) ï‚ § Child protection policy ï‚ § E-safety Children Act: The Children’s Act came in to force in 1989 and was drafted complement the Human Rights Act but be specific to childrenRead MoreTda 2.2 Safeguarding the Welfare of Children and Young People.2245 Words   |  9 PagesTDA 2.2 Safeguarding the welfare of children and young people. Introduction Safeguarding the welfare of children and young people is a high priority in the workplace, and certain actions and procedures must be followed to ensure the safety of all children, both inside and outside of school. There are several different areas that must be addressed when considering safeguarding the welfare of children and young people, both within the school environment and the home environment. TDA 2Read Moretda 2.2 safeguarding the welfare of children and young people6393 Words   |  26 PagesTDA 2.2: Safeguarding the welfare of children and young people 1. Know about the legislation, guidelines, policies and procedures for safeguarding the welfare of children and young people including e-safety. To be able to understand what ‘safeguarding’ means you must first understand what ‘child protection’ is. Child Protection = is the process of protecting children/young people who are suffering or who is at risk of suffering significant harm as a result of abuse or neglect. Read MoreTda 2.2 Safeguarding the Welfare of Children and Young People. -3.1 Identify the Characteristics of Different Types of Child Abuse.1634 Words   |  7 Pages-3.1 Identify the characteristics of different types of child abuse. There are four categories of abuse: - Physical, Neglect, Emotional and sexual. Physical Abuse Physical abuse is the intentional deliberate use of physical force or violence to hurt or injure a child. It may include slapping, punching, pulling hair, hitting, beating with objects, burning with cigarettes/cooker rings, scalding, shaking, biting, squeezing, cutting, throwing, poisoning, attempting to suffocate/drown or giving inappropriateRead MoreEssay on Child and Young Person Development1179 Words   |  5 PagesAssessment Task – TDA 2.1 Child and Young Person Development Task 2 2.1. Describe with examples the kinds of influences that affect children and young people’s development, including: * Background * Health * Environment Background Children will come from a diverse range of backgrounds including family environments, cultures and circumstances. A child is at school from a very young age to late teens and during this time many families will go through significant changes,Read MoreTDA 3.2 organisation in schools Essay3183 Words   |  13 Pages Level Credit 1 F/601/3327 TDA 3.1 Communication and professional relationships with children, young people and adults Knowledge skill 3 2 2 A/601/3326 TDA 3.2 Schools as organisations Knowledge 3 3 3 F/601/4073 TDA 3.3 Support learning activities Knowledge skill 3 4 4 A/601/4069 TDA 3.4 Promote children and young people’s positive behaviour Knowledge skill 3 3 5 H/601/4065 TDA 3.5 Develop professional relationships

Deliver and Monitor a Service to Customers Essay Sample free essay sample

Welcome to the unit Deliver and supervise a service to clients ( BSBCUS301A ) . Work through the information to larn about:* maintaining an oculus on client demands* presenting service to clients* supervising the quality of service that employees present to clients * reexamining customers’ satisfaction and proposing ways to better the quality of service. Knowing your clients Customers can be described as external and internal clients. Your administration may hold corporate clients and single members of the public – external clients. In a messenger concern. external clients are the people who request the bringing of their goods and the people who are having the delivered goods. Internal clients may be others in the administration. For illustration. response. gross revenues. drivers. supervisors. It is your duty to utilize appropriate interpersonal accomplishments to place and clear up what all your clients need and to follow your organisation’s demands when covering with clients. For illustration. what is your organisation’s outlook in respects to payment and bringing options. OHS. anti–discrimination? Meet client demands To guarantee you can present great service to your clients you need to: * find the urgency of the customer’s needs so you can prioritize the service you offer * usage effectual communicating * place any restrictions to run intoing a customer’s demands and seek aid from the nominative people * set precedences based on the customer’s demand for urgency. Click on each check on the right to read approximately good pattern for presenting client service. When you have finished. click Next to go on. Determine urgencyTo guarantee you can outdo run into the demands of your clients you need to work out how pressing their demands are. When you have assessed how pressing the petition is you can prioritize the services you are supplying. Most administrations have their ain policies and processs for covering with pressing petitions. Organizational policies and processs might include: * payment andbringing options * replacing and refund policies* pricing and price reduction processs.For illustration. where a client might be annoyed because they want to return something that you don’t believe is appropriate. you can mention to your organisation’s refund policy to back up your grounds. Equally good as sing your organisation’s policies and processs when measuring urgency. you besides need to let for any relevant statute law from all degrees of authorities. These might be: * anti-discrimination statute law * ethical rules* codifications of pattern* privateness Torahs* occupational wellness A ; safety ( OHS )* fiscal statute law.Effective communicatingWhether you work in a call Centre. an accountant’s house or a Centrelink office you should be able to explicate to all your clients how your administration can run into their demands. You can make this with effectual communicating. Taking the clip to inform clients about what you can and can’t do for them makes for great client service. It: * shows your involvement in their demands * strengthens and physiques relationships* demonstrates you are seeking to understand and appreciate the demands and force per unit areas on your clients. In add-on to oppugning and active hearing accomplishments. you need the undermentioned communicating accomplishments to inform and help clients with their options: * giving clients full attending. for illustration. instantly stoping a conversation with a work mate when a client makes an enquiry * keeping oculus contact. except where oculus contact may be culturally inappropriate. for illustration. to do direct eye-contact with Maoris. particularly the male during a conversation may be considered inappropriate * talking clearly and briefly. particularly if you are pass oning with a client via telephone * utilizing active hearing techniques. for illustration. summarising or repeating the customer’s petition * utilizing appropriate linguistic communication and tone of voice. for illustration. explicating a complex construct and non sounding superior * utilizing clear written information/communication * utilizing non-verbal communicating. for illustration organic structure linguistic communication. personal presentation ( for face-to-face interactions ) . Provide prompt service Excellent client service is achieved when employees combine their good interpersonal accomplishments with good merchandise. policy and systems cognition. In today’s concern universe. clients expect prompt service. The rapid proviso of client service is indispensable in go toing to customers’ demands. Customers may understand they need to wait if they can see that you are busy functioning person else. However. this apprehension does non widen to you chew the fating to other staff. go oning with an unrelated undertaking or covering with. for illustration. one of your gross revenues representatives. Your administration will hold policies and processs that impact your bringing of service to clients. Pricing and price reduction policy Your administration may hold a policy on pricing and price reduction that will assist you reply customers’ inquiries about the monetary value of a merchandise. This policy can steer you when a client has a different position to your administration about what they think the monetary value or price reduction of a merchandise or service should be. You can mention to the policy and be confident that your account to the client is just. sensible and is stated company policy. Pricing varies in different state of affairss. for illustration. recommended retail monetary value ( RRP ) . trade-ins. particular publicities. Discounts may include. price reductions for hard currency. prompt payment price reductions. grant cards including senior citizens and pupil cards. Payment and bringing processs Organizational demands such as pricing policies and bringing options will supply counsel to supplying a prompt service. For illustration. if you have a client who is inquiring for a bringing to be made on a clearway in peak hr – because this is the best clip for them to have their goods – you can confidently back up your ground for non holding to this by mentioning to the policy. Building resonance Rapport can be defined as edifice relationships. particularly 1s of common trust and shared apprehension. Long-run relationships with clients are extremely valuable. One of the best ways to promote long-run relationships is to set up and keep proper resonance with clients. Constructing a resonance with your clients will enable you to finish a continued quality client service. Constructing resonance with clients When constructing resonance with clients. focal point on the followers. * Your personal visual aspect – are you suitably dressed for the work you do? * Your personal hygiene – is your hair clean and tidy? * The linguistic communication you use with clients – is the manner you speak suited for the client? For illustration. you may necessitate to alter the manner you speak to kids or the aged. * Concentrating on what the client demands and their outlooks – non forcing your personal sentiment when it is non required. There are marks you may detect bespeaking you have a good resonance with a client. For illustration: * the conversation flows easy * you both speak at a similar velocity and tone* the client asks you inquiries* the client appears interested in what you are stating* the customer’s organic structure linguistic communication is relaxed.Managing ailmentsAilments are a world for any concern. Your administration should hold a program to have ailments and processs on how to cover with them. Good client service will take a ailment and turn it into a positive result. Customer ailments may include: * administrative mistakes such as wrong bills or monetary values * client satisfaction with service quality* damaged goods or goods non delivered* bringing mistakes* merchandise non delivered on clip* service mistakes* warehouse or shop room mistakes such as wrong merchandise delivered. Most concerns have policies and processs for the handling of client ailments. If you are non familiar with these. cheque with your supervisor to happen out what they are. Or chink on the resources button to read a sample policy and process for covering with ailments. Make certain you understand these demands and use them whenever you encounter a client with a ailment. Tips for managing client ailmentsKeep the followers in head when managing client ailments. * Take the ailment professionally. non personally. The client is kicking to you as a representative of your administration. non knocking you personally. * Recognise that you can act upon your customer’s behavior. * Focus on the issue. non the mode in which the client is showing their ailment. * Always remain polite and gracious. avoid utilizing inflammatory or affectional linguistic communication. * If you blame the client or do alibis. the client will respond in the same manner. * If you stay unagitated and in control. the client is more likely to experience more confident in your ability to manage the job. Customers with particular demands Every concern has clients with specific demands and most of them cover with these demands on an single footing. Knowing how to cover with these demands is an of import facet of your occupation. Customers with specific demands may include people: * of a specific age* with different beliefs or values* from different civilizations* with disablements* with peculiar demands associating to gender* from non–English speech production backgrounds* with specific religious/spiritual observations.AgeMake certain the degree of client service is appropriate for the age of the client. For illustration. you may necessitate to be patient when covering with immature kids or the aged. Provide simple booklets that people can take away to see and fix their inquiries and petitions. Examples: Chemists supplying chairs for clients waiting on prescriptions is a good illustration of client service for the aged. Culture Most workplaces are culturally diverse. associating to colleagues can be disputing. It’s of import to admit different imposts with understanding. instead than sing them as strange or violative. The key is to handle all clients with regard. Cultural differences can sometimes take to misconstruing in the workplace. Misinterpretations can happen around the simplest things. such as. nutrient. salutations. gestures. facial looks. oculus contact. If you are diffident about the difference in pass oning with people from other civilizations. there are experts who can rede you. Disabilities Tips for working with people with disablements.* Ask people if they need anything to do the procedure more effectual or easier for them. * If you think a individual needs aid. ever inquire before assisting them. * Don’t do premises about a person’s abilities. They are the best justice of what they can or can non make. * If you are working with a individual who has a developmental disablement. usage clear sentences. simple words. and concrete constructs. Remember. Mistakes are human. merely be willing to larn from them. Language When covering with any individual. it is of import to recognize troubles they may hold in understanding you and the message you are conveying. Some techniques for clearer communicating include: * speech production easy * utilizing short. simple sentences* summarizing* avoiding slang. slang. gags. sarcasm or irony* showing when giving accounts* avoiding dual negatives* demoing understanding and forbearance. ReligionAn apprehension of spiritual patterns and beliefs will help you when working with clients who follow specific religious/spiritual traditions. It is of import to admit single demands and penchants and non presume that all people who speak the same linguistic communication pattern the same faith. or that all people following the same faith pattern the same rites or portion the same beliefs. It is of import to accept that these differences exist and to accept their continued being. Identify chances Always be on the expression out for chances to advance and better services to your clients. Opportunities to advance a service can be seen as a value attention deficit disorder and while it is a good thing to maximize any client gross revenues chance. non all gross revenues contacts provide an gap to advance the concern. Opportunities might include: * widening clip lines for payment of services* packaging processs – proposing environmental packaging options * processs for bringing of goods – offering cheaper or faster options * altering the manner you greet clients* returns policy – guaranting the client is cognizant of and to the full understands the returns policy before they purchase. Different ways to advance your merchandises and service might include: * being to the full cognizant of all the services and/or merchandises that your concern offers so you can rapidly and confidently answer customers’ inquiries * holding notices that relate to normally asked inquiries about your merchandise or service* supplying information sheets explicating your cardinal merchandises and services* take parting in local community activities such as school feasts.When placing chances to heighten the quality of service and merchandises. do certain you do this within your organisation’s demands. Evidence of client satisfactionTo better service bringing an administration needs to cognize what their clients think of the service and/or the merchandises they provide. By garnering this information they can place what works. what doesn’t work and what needs to be improved. To guarantee you don’t make unneeded alterations or – in fact – alterations that your clients don’t want. it is of import to garner informations from dependable beginnings that can be verified. Verifiable grounds is information that can be confirmed that it represents the positions of existent clients. Customer satisfaction studies Customer satisfaction studies are a good manner to garner verifiable grounds. Surveies can be done via phone. online or paper-based mail outs. They provide direct feedback from clients and can be designed to garner specific informations. Audit certification and studies This is a more formal attack to garnering verifiable informations. where client remarks are captured. recorded and analysed. Returned goods By look intoing why the goods were returned provides dependable information about merchandise quality. Lapsed clientsAsking clients why they have non returned and what – if anything – would promote them to return. can supply direct feedback about how a concern is executing. Service calls Service calls aid to understand where betterments can be made to a peculiar service or merchandise. AilmentsRecording and analyzing ailments is a good manner to garner grounds about service bringing and merchandise quality. Enhancing qualityGathering grounds from clients about how an administration is traveling has no value if it is non followed up and alterations made based on the client feedback. Customers ( and employees ) become disillusioned if their feedback is ignored. Product and service quality may be improved by doing alterations in the undermentioned countries: * pass oning with clients * pricing* bringing methods* quality of stuffs.For all facets of client service your administration will hold demands in topographic point that must be met. This includes the manner you gather grounds and how you so place chances to heighten quality. Organizational demands Organizational demands may include the policies around: * entree and equity rules and pattern. could supply guidelines to what level the service you provide to clients is to be delivered equitably * defined resource parametric quantities. for illustration. bounds on how many goods you can transport in one container * pricing and price reduction – will supply the guidelines as to how much flexibleness you have in respects to replacement and returning goods * quality and uninterrupted betterment – would supply the minimal criterions you are expected to run into when serving your clients * replacing and refund – will supply the guidelines as to how much flexibleness you have in respects to replacement and returning goods * anti-discrimination– will supply advice on fixing advertisement and promotional stuff. Monitor service bringing processs Organizational policies and processs are in topographic point to guarantee that the service it delivers is effectual and suited for its clients. Service that may be effectual and suited for one administration may be inappropriate in another. Procedures are created specifically to an organisation’s demands and to run into the demands of their client base. Procedures should be on a regular basis updated based on the client feedback it receives. It is of import to on a regular basis supervise the manner you deliver your service because: * clients value it – it shows that an administration is actively analyzing how efficaciously they are working * outlooks change – what clients accepted in 2008 may non be acceptable in 2012 * staff alteration – has the quality or manner of service been effected by staff turnover? Applying alteration may non be easy or even possible nevertheless clients will appreciate that you are supervising what you do and are reacting to th eir feedback. Bettering merchandise and service A key to an organisation’s success is to regularly seek client feedback and utilize it to better their merchandises and services. Feedback is any remark about any facet of a concern. It can be negative or positive. Gathering feedback may informal – a client doing a insouciant remark or formal – a study. However. it is non sufficient to garner feedback and non make anything with it. All feedback should be analysed and actioned where possible to better your merchandises and services. Feedback can be sought in many ways. for illustration: * studies – via phone. mail–outs or finishing a short questionnaire at the clip of the interaction * following up with clients at a designated clip after the interaction * seeking remarks from clients instantly after any interaction. Modifying merchandises and services Decisions to modify merchandises or services should be based on verifiable grounds reflecting client feedback and meeting organizational demands. Examples of how merchandises or services may be modified based on client feedback include: * altering the manner you communicate with clients * changing gap times* altering bringing options* modifying packaging.Reporting recommendationsWhen a alteration is being initiated for a critical facet within an administration it is likely a study will be presented to staff and where relevant. to clients. You may be involved in the readying of a study. Ensure studies are clear. detailed and contain recommendations focused on critical facets of service bringing. When you are involved in describing about your organisation’s service bringing you need to do certain that the studies are clear. detailed and have recommendations to better the of import characteristics of the service your administration delivers. The study will be based on verifiable grounds that is. grounds you know to be true.

Thomas Jefferson Essays (674 words) - Thomas Jefferson,

Thomas Jefferson What we know Jefferson best for is his infamous phrase in the Declaration of Independence: ?The right to life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness?. Without this we'd Never be in America speaking English, Spanish, Indian, and all other diverse languages. Like any one of us, Thomas was a living person, growing and changing. It was Virginia that Jefferson grew up in. Virginia was the largest American colony in size by the time he was born in April of 1743. Thomas was the 3rd born in his family. He had two older sisters. His father Peter had great strength. Everyone remembered the time Peter had taken two hogs head of tobacco weighing 1,000lbs each and lifted them from their sides to stand them upright. There were no early portraits of Jefferson, but what some have said was that, he was tall for his age, skinny, and awkward in movement, hazel-blue eyes and freckled skin. (The Revolutionary Aristocrat pg.13) Jefferson was a politician and a statesman. He was one of the most talented architects of his time, designing the Virginia State capitol, the University of Virginia, and his own home the Monticello. He loved music and played the violin. (The Revolutionary War pg.46) On June11, 1776 the Continental Congress appointed a committee to draw up a formal declaration of independence to be sent to King George. Jefferson was one of five men appointed. When the time came for someone to write the declaration. Jefferson told Adams that he would be perfect for that position. ? I will not,? Adams said. ? You should do it,? Jefferson said. ?Oh no,? Adams shook his head. ?Why will you not? Jefferson persisted. ? I have my reasons,? said Adams Jefferson looked at Adams and said,? What are your reasons Adams answered: First, ? You are a Virginian and a Virginian should be at the head of a business. Reason number two is that I am unpopular. You are very much otherwise. Reason number three is you can write ten times better than I can.? Jefferson spoke up at once, ? Well if you are decided then I will do as well as I can.? (The Revolutionary War pg.46) Jefferson wrote the Declaration of Independence in a small room on Market Street in Philadelphia. He wrote in a neat, but small penmanship. One revision it had to undergo was when he condemned slavery to be immoral. Jefferson believed slavery was wrong, although he did not free his own slaves. He did not feel ?blacks? completely free to mingle with ?whites.? It was then revised and approved by congress as a ? Fine piece of work, well done.? After Thomas Jefferson wrote the Declaration of Independence, he went home to Virginia, and a few years later, was elected governor. That was when the British army invaded Virginia. The redcoats wanted to capture Jefferson and the members of the Virginia General Assembly- and they almost did. Hardly anyone has heard of Jack Jouett but he is a very important man. This poem explains the almost tragic invasion: Hardly anyone has heard of the ride Of big Jack Jouett through the countryside; No poet told of his frantic flight Through Virginia's forest in the dark of night. The British were marching, they were heading west Seeking one prize over all the rest: It was the man who had made the King Glower, Virginia's governor -Wanted- for London's Tower. Big Jack, feather in his cap, cut by briars, short of sleep, Had Rivers to cross and fences to leap, Till he reined in his horse and came to a stop At a house, Monticello, on a mountain top. ?Dragoons,? he warned. ?They're coming, they're real!? The governon, at breakfast, finished his meal. Then he mounted his horse and rode off and away, A minute later-that's the truth, so they say- The redcoats arrived; too late and they knew it, Thomas Jefferson was gone and thanks to Jack Jouett. ( From Countries to Colonies by Joy Hakim) American History Essays

When Antibiotics Quit Working Essays

When Antibiotics Quit Working Essays When Antibiotics Quit Working Essay When Antibiotics Quit Working Essay When Antibiotics Quit Working Name: Course: Date: When Antibiotics Quit Working Introduction Antibiotics are medicines that are especially made to fight off bacterial infections. They do this by killing the bacteria or by hindering its growth. Bacteria are found all over the human body apart from the blood and the spinal fluid. Most of the bacteria in the body are useful and beneficial. However, some bacteria are harmful and cause diseases and illnesses in the body. When one takes antibiotics, both the useful and harmful bacteria are targeted. In most cases, antibiotics are effective and they help ward off diseases. However, in some cases, the bacteria are able to resist antibiotics and they survive and continue multiplying. This happens when the bacterium undergoes some changes, which prevents the antibiotics from working effectively. The bacteria become stronger, and it is able to resist the antibiotic. This means that stronger antibiotics have to be developed so that they can kill the bacteria. People should look for other alternatives before using antibiotics. Some of th e diseases can be prevented by observing hygiene. This reduces the chance of sickness, and it avoids later use of antibiotics. Discussion Antibiotics work under selective pressure. They are able to kill off some bacteria, but other bacteria often survive. The stronger a bacteria is, the higher the chances that it will survive even after exposure to antibiotics. The resistance bacteria remain and they reproduce. Bacteria reproduce easily because they split by half. Antibiotics target the bacteria cell wall, which defines the shape of the bacteria and protects them from outside interference. The antibiotic kills the cell walls, exposing and busting the bacteria, killing it in the process. Both gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria have peptidoglycan. However, the peptiglycan in the bacteria differs in thickness. It is thicker in the gram-positive cell walls. When the antibiotics are present, they destroy the peptidoglycan and they prevent the formation of the peptide cross-links. Gram-negative bacteria are more resistant to antibiotics because it has an outer membrane that makes it difficult for the antibiotics to dif fuse. The outside membrane in the gram-negative bacteria has pores that allow nutrients to pass through, but they block large antibiotic molecules. These bacteria are able to change the size of the pores by enabling them to become smaller, and this resists the efforts of the antibiotics, even though they have small molecules. The pores prevent the antibiotics from reaching the surface of the cytoplasmic membrane. The gram-positive bacteria have many layers of peptidoglycan, but they do not have a barrier that would prevent the small molecules from passing. This increases the effectiveness of the antibiotics because it makes it easier for the antibiotics to pass through the molecules (Salyers Whitt., 2005). Continued and unnecessary use of antibiotics can lead to antibiotic resistance. The more a person takes antibiotics, the more the bacteria become used to the antibiotics, and the more they become resistant. When that person becomes sick again, then he cannot use the same antibiotic because it will not be effective. Some people take antibiotics whenever they feel pain or discomfort, even when their sickness is not caused by bacteria. They take antibiotics for colds and flu, even though these are caused by viruses. When the antibiotics enter the body, they kill off other bacteria, which are beneficial to the body. Some of the harmful bacteria are left over, and this makes them stronger (CDC, 2012). Some bacteria are able to escape the effects of the antibiotics because they have the ability to do so. When such a bacteria survives it multiplies in the body. Since the new bacteria are developed from the bacteria that managed to escape, they contain the elements of the original bacteria, which were resistant. Therefore, the new bacteria become resistant to the antibiotics, which were used previously. A bacterium develops resistance to antibiotics by neutralizing them before they begin working. When this happens, the antibiotics are not able to work in the body. Some other bacteria undergo a mutation or change in their genetic material, from other bacteria that are resistant. This makes the mutated bacteria resistant to antibiotics (Devitt et al., 1998). If the antibiotic-resistant bacteria that causes most of the infections, it could mean an increase in disease and illnesses. Many people would suffer because they would not be able to get treatment for their diseases. The rates of bacterial infections would increase tremendously. It would cost much more to treat common conditions caused by bacteria, since antibiotics would not work. However, despite this, the world would not experience the same kind of problems it had before the invention of antibiotics. During this time, many people died because they did not know how to prevent infectious diseases. Nowadays people have learnt a lot about disease prevention. They have especially learnt how to prevent disease by using simple practical measures such as maintaining hygiene, sterilizing equipment, and using antiseptics and disinfectants. These measures have largely contributed to the decline of non-viral diseases. Conclusion People have developed an awareness of alternative treatments using herbs and food plants, and they have improved their diets. This has enabled them to maintain good health and avoid diseases. However, if many of the infections occurred because of antibiotic resistance, then researchers would have to find ways of developing cures and dealing with the problem. This is possible because when penicillin was discovered, people did not think that there would be an antibiotic solution to deal with the problem of recurring infectious diseases. Research holds the answers to antibiotic resistance bacteria. Science can develop a solution to deal with the problem, just as it did when it first discovered antibiotics. For instance, researchers have developed methods that use viruses to kill bacteria, instead of using antibiotics. They have also found ways through which they can use bacterial protein to kill bacteria (Salyers Whitt, 2005). References: CDC (2012). Mission critical: Preventing antibiotic resistance. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Retrieved from cdc.gov/features/antibioticresistance/ Devitt, T., Tenenbaum, D., Toburen, A., Trebach, S. (1998). Microbes: What doesn’t kill them makes them stronger. Retrieved from http://whyfiles.org/038badbugs/index.html Johnson, George. Essentials of the living world. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill Salyers, A. A., Whitt, D. D. (2005). Revenge of the microbes: How bacterial resistance is undermining the antibiotic miracle. Washington, DC: ASM Press

Foundation S N Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Foundation S N - Essay Example Eating and drinking are integral parts of human existence, and this is a very important part of activities of daily living in Roper et als model of living. I was given to understand that as a nurse, I have a primary role within the multidisciplinary team to ensure that my patient receive food, fluids, and adequate nutrition when he is under my care. My plan also involved educating him regarding a healthy diet (Mentes, Chang, and Morris, 2006, 392-406). This patient had difficulty in eating and drinking due to stroke and resultant paralysis. Being fully aware that it was primarily my responsibility to feed him and ensure that he meets his nutritional requirements, I first assessed his clinical situation (Fowles and Feucht, 2004, 429-433). Assistance would be necessary, but my goal would be to set a goal of achieving independence in terms of eating and drinking. I knew that the thought of having to be fed is a threat to the patients individual integrity and self-esteem. Similar feelings were happening in the patient, and I demonstrated considerable care and sensitivity to handle the whole affair of feeding and drinking and made every effort to minimise the negative aspects (Wilson, 2006, 413-416). Before preparing and serving the meal, this patient was offered a bedpan followed by facilities for hand washing. Eating would have been easier if the patient could have been able to sit out of bed, but this was next to impossible in this case, since he was bedfast and had no balance to maintain a straight posture. As a result, support was arranged to make him sit upright on the bed, and a suitable table was arranged and placed in front of him where the food and drink can be kept. This would allow him to see his food and indicate preferences. I offered the patient also the opportunity to clean his teeth and use a mouthwash. To ensure a relaxed social atmosphere, I sat at the same level as him. Prior to this, I identified

Common core Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Common core - Research Paper Example On the other hand, the Common core standard initiative conflicts the teachers instructional training that the teachers received during their teaching preparation training. This makes it difficult for the teachers to adjust to the new instructional requirement under the Common core standard (Sewall, 2014). Thus, this discussion seeks to assess the dangers that the Common core standard of education presents to children. The issue was selected because it is a nationwide concern for all educational stakeholders; parents, teachers, students and the employers have issues related to the overall impact of the introduction of the Common core standard on the high school graduate abilities and skills to cope with the requirements of the outside world (Exstrom & Thatcher, 2014). The discussion will first define the Common core standard problem, and then venture into the analysis of the available literature and studies that have explored the need, justification, benefits and dangers posed by the educational initiative to the students. Finally, the discussion will conclude with giving the suggestion for improvement. However, it can easily be concluded that the Common core standard poses some educational danger to school children. The need to adapt to the global working environment cannot be ignored at this time and age where globalization has made it essential for employment preparation and training to be shaped such that it does not only suit the local environment, but also the global working environment (Rycik, 2014). Thus, the establishment of the Common Core State Standards (CCSS) was a necessary move towards aligning the elementary and the high school education in the United States to match with the college education and the work expectations of the top performing countries globally (Boslaugh, 2014). Thus, the students were required to undergo the learning and

Race vs. Ethnicity Essay Example for Free

Race vs. Ethnicity Essay If we were to go out on the streets today and ask â€Å"what is the difference between race and ethnicity?†, most people would probably answer â€Å"I don’t know† or â€Å" They are the same thing†. One of the most confused concepts of defining one another is the distinguishing of race and ethnicity. In the past, people either thought one was the other or there was simply no difference. Labeling people in the world is often done without proper knowledge and can lead to making a false accusation or offending someone. Race is associated with one’s biological ancestors, such as your physical appearance. While ethnicity is the identity with people who share similar cultural tradition. Ethnicity and race are different in many ways but are still often confused by many people today. For one thing ethnicity deals with one’s cultural background while race deals with a more genetic background. Geographers study where and why of ethnicity and its locations. Geographers also study where and why people of different races live where they are. Another difference between the two is that ethnicity isnt as easy to tell by just looking at someone. But if you looked at someone to determine their race you could just tell by their skin color. Say you put a Caucasian male from Canada, Germany, America, and Ireland together in a line; it would be very difficult to distinguish which one from which. But you can easily determine that all the males are Caucasian. Ethnic groups typically seek to define themselves by their language, traditions, and religion; while race is usually defined by skin color. Defining people through race usually leads to prejudice and racism, the belief of one’s race is of superiority than all the others. It is preferred by most people to be identified through their ethnicity, since it represents their culture and doesnt have the potential to be offensive. In conclusion, race and ethnicity are distinctly different yet are confused among most people of the world. Race is determined by skin color and physical attributes passed down from ancestors. Ethnicity is identifying with your cultural background including language, religion, and traditions. It is better to identify people through their ethnicities instead of their race to avoid offense. Most people do not know the difference between the two or think they are the same. Ethnicity and race connect in a way with each other, but they are and will always be distinct to one another.

Guilt in Nathaniel Hawthornes The Scarlet Letter :: Scarlet Letter essays

Guilt in The Scarlet Letter What is guilt? We all have guilt about something. Maybe forgetting something, lied about something, or even did something that shouldn't of been done. In The Scarlet Letter by Nathaniel Hawthorne we saw guilt fester in the minds and outward appearance of the main characters, Hester Prynne, Arthur Dimmesdale and Roger Chillingworth. When you hear the word guilt what do you think it means? Guilt means remorseful awareness of having done something wrong or of having failed to do something required or expected. Does that sound about right? Guilt is something everyone has. Its this mental manifestation that lets us know when we did something wrong but no one knows it yet. Guilt is very powerful. Some people after awhile give in to this guilt and confess what they did. In The Scarlet Letter, Hester Prynne and Arthur Dimmesdale commit a great sin. Because of this great sin, it causes them immense guilt and sadness though out the rest of the book. One of the main character's that is affected the most is Arthur Dimmesdale. Dimmesdale handles it in a different way though, to him its more of a "concealed sin." A example of this is, "It may be that they are kept silent by the very constitution of their nature. Or - can we not suppose it - guilty as they may be, retaining, nevertheless, a zeal for God's glory and man's welfare, they shrink from displaying themselves black and filthy in the view of men; because, thenceforward, no good can be achieved by them; no evil or the past be redeemed by better service." Dimmesdale also has another reason for his concealing, he wants to remain silent so that he can continue to do God's work as a minister. Hester Prynne handles her guilt in another way. Instead of worrying about it day after day and letting to fester, she makes it outward. At the beginning of the book she wears the most awesome clothes and shows the world she's not guilty for what she has done. An example of this is, "And never had Hester Prynne appeared more lady-like, in the antique interpretation of the term,

Civil War And Reconstruction Essay

The Civil War is the most widely written about event in American history and Reconstruction is the most mis-understood and least appreciated subject within this wider issue. Most people would prefer to escape into the heroic exploits of the battles that were fought than deal with the difficult social problems that the former enslaved population had to deal with. I am offering this essay since I believe that the African-Americans have been done a great disservice by the Nation. As a people they were forcibly brought to this land, they were enslaved in an illegal and immoral system, and then they were abandoned by that same Nation ostensibly after having their freedom returned. What happened to them was not fair and there is a debt due to them. I hope to show in this paper some of the offenses that I find glaring. What was Reconstruction supposed to accomplish? Was it supposed to provide a new economic start for the freed peoples? Was it supposed to rebuild and reorder the state governments that had seceded? Was it supposed to prosecute and imprison former Confederate officials? These questions were never fully answered, and for the most part they were never even adequately addressed. Liberals and African-Americans are more sensitive to the burden of the unfulfilled promise of Emancipation and Reconstruction, while so-called â€Å"realists† and conservatives proclaim that too much help has already been given (think: â€Å"Affirmative Action†). The truth though, does not lie neatly in the middle between these extremes. Horrific treatment was an unpleasant fact for the enslaved peoples, and they were denied an equal opportunity to enter fully the American body politic. To make matters worse this bitter cup of â€Å"denied citizenship† is still too often a fact today. Recently, the folk singer Bob Dylan (Rolling Stone, Sept. 2012) has said â€Å"†¦the country will never be able to rid itself of the shame of being founded on the backs of slaves. † I would like to rehearse some of the story of Slavery, some critical events in the war and afterwards, and to offer a reasonable suggestion for Restitution. The introduction of African Slavery to these shores was an unplanned event although the Spanish and the Portuguese had been involved with this trade for almost 100 years in this hemisphere before it appeared here. These are some of the highlights of that practice here: The first African slaves were 19 people, who in 1619 were captured by Dutch sailors from Spanish slave traders. Subsequently they were sold to the colonists at Jamestown for food. Initially, these people worked as indentured servants but they ultimately gained their freedom after completing a â€Å"work contract† for the colonists. The phrase â€Å"indentured servant† is misleading in this case since its modern usage means someone who works for a fixed period and is then manumitted. This was not the arrangement that was applied to the African captives who arrived later than these initial individuals did, since the practice gradually evolved to treat the adults as well as the children of the female slaves as also enslaved people (partus sequitur ventrum) 2.  Another misleading statement is that the term â€Å"servant† was widely used in the South, even past 1865, to refer to African people who were actually enslaved. Therefore, not much credence should be put into the seemingly benign phrase of â€Å"servant†3 when applied to these unfortunate human beings. The cost of this labor was attractive to the colonists since by 1638 an enslaved African laborer could be purchased for $27 while a European indentured servant cost a planter $255 for one year’s work. 4 The economic appeal of enslaved African laborers became the norm and quickly spread throughout the colonies.  After twenty years, ordinances legitimizing enslavement were commonplace in almost every colony and the practice had morphed into bondage for life, or more properly, chattel slavery. 5 These practices were immoral; they had no place in a respectable society. The pernicious tendency to view the Africans through the white supremacist lens quickly became dominant and was a concomitant of this chattel slavery. This was punctuated by the knowledge that Europeans were never enslaved while most enslaved people were Africans. The skin color of the enslaved became a facile marker that fit in well with the culturally supremacist view of the European colonists. In this section I try to show how the African Slave System, after gaining a foothold went on to become the most important part of the economy of the new Nation: As the profitability of the colonists’ agricultural enterprises quickly rose, it was essential to procure a sufficient number of workers since labor shortages were a constant headache. 7 Enslavement of the Indigenous Peoples had become steadily more problematic and by the 1750’s this practice had ceased altogether. European workers were both expensive and tended to leave their employers to start plantations of their own, or to return home. Therefore, a more reliable source of economically viable labor became a necessity, and that baleful need coincided with the rise of the Trans- Atlantic Slave Trade from Africa. This phenomenon was heaviest during the 16th through the 19th centuries,9 when an estimated 11 million captives from Africa were ultimately landed at Western Hemispheric destinations out of 15 million who had been loaded onto these horror-filled ships. 0 The differences in these numbers were human beings who had died en route through miserable treatment meted out by the slave traders. The attrition rate during these voyages was a startling 0. 36 persons for every person who disembarked in the New World. We should not forget these stark truths. About 650,000 ~ 720,000 apprehended persons of the numbers shown above,11 it is thought, were brought into what was to become the United States. Employing the attrition rate noted before we can estimate that about 245,000 people were lost from the aggregate number of cap tives bound for these shores. Given the losses in the war that was to come it’s almost as though the Divine Being had decided to punish this country for these sins at a rate of three-to-one. By 1860, the survivors had increased through natural growth to more than 4. 000,000 enslaved and freed peoples12 and were primarily located in the states that were to become part of the Confederacy (76% there and another 18% in the Border States13). What fueled this enormous increase in the numbers of the enslaved was that starting in the 1790’s the revolution of the cotton gin and the corresponding leap in cotton exports demanded an exponential rise in subservient labor. So what had started as a straightforward small-scale agricultural experiment, primarily growing foodstuffs, had metastasized into an industrial system practically keeping the Nation afloat with its lucrative revenues. Before the war began the cotton trade – or more realistically â€Å"King Cotton† – constituted 2/3 rds of the wealth of the Nation. 14 What motivated these slaveholders to import and retain so many African Laborers besides the economics? Evidently the lure of being a member of an aristocratic leisured-class was appealing. Most of the apologists for these slaveholders had classical education, and they employed arguments from Greek and Roman Antiquity, which portrayed slavery as a prominent component of the civilizing mission they were engaged in. Their lower income regional compatriots, although not slave owners themselves, were eager to emulate this conduct, which they viewed as valuable and status-filled. The Southern way of life was born: it was profitable for the elite; it was an identity vehicle for the lower classes; but it was hellish for the enslaved. Further, it was built upon the most cruel and involuntary system imaginable which had as a mainstay the dissolution of the Africans’ families both here and in their original homelands. The American governmental establishment – at all levels -bears the greatest guilt for this outrageous affront. It is important to recall that these slave traders and slaveholders were in many cases prominent members of the various governments that acceded to or promoted this horrific conduct. The enslaved people, it should be remembered, did not voluntarily agree to be forcibly dragged to these shores. Despite the claims made by the â€Å"Slavocracy† that they were performing a civilizing mission by maintaining this obscene practice, the only positive good was that the lives of the slaveholders was being enhanced! EXASPERATION After Slavery had become such an integral component of the Nation, regional differences in the attitudes towards that infernal system began to be felt all around. Exasperation was the order of the day but the African enslaved people were suffering the most: There were three sets of players in this tragedy: the Northern Whites; the Southern Whites (slaveholders and on-slave holders); and the enslaved Africans. It is unequivocally true that the enslaved peoples did not create nor did they benefit from this monstrous catastrophe. The other groups however, either benefited in a direct way or thought their social status was improved through the bacillus of racism. Exasperation however, was shared by all to some degree. The Northerners became progressively m ore dissatisfied with their impotence following the Revolution while the Southerners were increasingly anxious that the North was lining up new Free Soil states that would nullify their voting majorities in Congress. The enslaved though, were in anguish since everything that people could cherish was systematically being denied to them after they had been wrenched away from their homes. The enslaved increasingly attempted to build an alternate life, sub-rosa as it were, by fleeing their masters or by engaging in sabotage or willful incoherence. 15 They also constructed a parallel universe of their own by founding separate places of worship (the Whites did not allow the enslaved to be an equal part of their devotional services) and their own systems of less-than-formal education. t was during this period that it could be said that a new genus was born – the â€Å"African –American†. What they did not have was any significant power over their futures except as ad hoc combinations that could be assembled, when conditions permitted. They expressed this through manifestations such as the Underground Railroad16 (which saw 6,000~ 30,000 African-American flee; figures are imprecise), various slave rebellions (some bloody), and a general unwillingness to be smothered by enslavement (conduct just short of insurrection). Another group, though small in numbers, was the Free Blacks. These people became the vanguard of the African-American middle and professional classes that successfully operated between the seams of the larger society. The actions of this sub-group were able to relieve some of the pressures that had built up in the larger body of enslaved African-Americans and help to point the way for a more prosperous life for all.

Essay about Identity Theory - 1490 Words

In my opinion, mental states are not behavioural dispositions, as originally described by behaviourists. Behaviourism was primarily devised to address the flaws of Substance Dualism and present a solution to the mind-body problem. Since then, many other philosophical ideas have provided alternative solutions to the mind-body problem, as well as exposing weaknesses in behaviourism. Behaviourism states that behavioural dispositions are tendencies to react with a certain kind of stimuli. For example, if a person is confronted by a tiger, that person would be disposed to; run away, shout for help and assert ‘there is a tiger.’ This is what is known as a mental state, a stimulus and the relevant dispositions. This theory seems relatively sound†¦show more content†¦A criminal telling a lie may feign confusion, apathy and indifference, hoping to convince people that he is unaware of something. Another argument against behaviourism refers to the stimulus response exper iment of ‘Pavlov’s dog.’ The experiment showed that behavioural dispositions could be provoked by conditioning. A bell would be rung, signifying the arrival of food to the dog, whether there was any food or not. The dog would show all the relevant dispositions of hunger salivating etc. However this does not mean the dog was pressed into a mental state of hunger as a result of the conditioning. Simply put behavioural dispositions do not directly correspond with a mental state. Another flaw can be seen in the ‘Behaviour unnecessary’ argument. It suggests that certain mental states aren’t necessarily tied to behavioural dispositions. As an example, a person may have an unpleasant experience such as pain from a broken bone. They would still feel the sensation of pain no matter what they were disposed to feel. The feeling of pain is still present regardless of how you choose to react to it. An additional fault in the behaviourist argument is eviden t when applied to another group of Philosophers. The argument falls apart if the person experiencing the stimulus is a stoic. Stoicism is typically associated with the removal of emotion from one’s life. However ‘super stoics’ have complete control over their behavioural dispositions as well asShow MoreRelatedIdentity Theory And Social Identity1228 Words   |  5 PagesIdentity theory traces its root in the writing of G.H Mead, the American philosopher, sociologist and psychologist who says that the image or the feeling that a person creates for him or herself in a particular society is the result of other’s vision, which is created daily and is subjected to change. Richard Jinkens, the sociologist describes that social identity means who we are and who the others are and on the other hand what the other thinks about themselves and others. Further, Mead elaboratesRead MoreSocial And Social Identity Theory1860 Words   |  8 PagesTurner, the Social Ide ntity Theory (SIT) can be described as the comparison between the individual self and the social self. More specifically, it is the individual’s perception that is derived from their membership of a social group (ingroups and outgroups) or personal identities. The theory is divided into three different psychological mechanisms: social categorization, social comparison, and the tendency for people to use the group membership as a source to gain self-esteem. A theory is defined asRead MoreSocial Identity Theory861 Words   |  3 PagesSocial identity theory, it is a person’s sense that is based around the group they are in, either by their personal identity or with different kinds of social identities. That is, people will try to improve their own image of themselves. The theory was proposed by Henri Tajfel. People can increase their self-esteem by both their own achievement and interaction with a successful group of people. This shows the importance of social belonging . This theory is based around three mental processes, socialRead MoreOutline Of Social Identity Theory1278 Words   |  6 PagesOutline social identity theory and with reference to recent research critically evaluate the strategies individuals or groups might use to achieve a positive social identity. Social Identity Theory (SIT) is a relational term, defining who we are as a function of our similarities and differences with others. It is shared with others and provides a basis for shared social action and the meanings associated with any social identity are products of our collective history and present. Therefore SocialRead MoreIdentity Development Theory And Eriksons Theory Of Adolescence Development743 Words   |  3 PagesThe chart above denotes the major theories of adolescence development; however in this study we limit ourselves to Erik Erikson’s identity development theory. For Erikson (1950) adolescence is a period during which individuals seek to avoid dangers of role diffusion and identity confusion by establishing a sense of personal identity. Individuals have to find answers for two major questions â€Å"who am I?† and â€Å"what is my place in society?† Identity is a â€Å"conscious sense of individual uniqueness† andRead MoreAssignment On Social Identity Theory Essay1158 Words   |  5 Pages TATA INSTITUTE OF SOCIAL SCIENCES MUMBAI GROUP WORK ASSIGNMENT ON SOCIAL IDENTITY THEORY Submitted to: Professor Vijay Raman Enrollment No.: M2015CF026 SOCIAL IDENTITY THEORY The Social Identity Theory was developed by Tajfel and Turner in 1979. The theory was originally developed to understand the psychological basis of intergroup discrimination. Tajfel in 1971 attempted to identify the  minimal  conditions that would lead members of one group to discriminate in favour of the in groupRead MoreSocial Identity Theory And Theories Surrounding Intergroup Relations2244 Words   |  9 Pageson ideas presented from Social Identity Theory and theories surrounding intergroup relations. The main ideas from the theories being that people conform with others beliefs, usually following the opinions of the group to which they belong. Social Identity Theory, written by Tajfel and Turner in 1986 considers how people think and act towards a social group, and this is believed to mainly recognise social cognitive theories to be the main grounding for the theory. Turner in 1982 suggested a groupRead MoreNotes On Social Identity Theory1191 Words   |  5 PagesContextualizing BIRG: Social Identity Theory SIT (Tajfel et al., 1971; Tajfel Turner, 1979) has been explained briefly in the Introduction, which provided an overview on the nature of its construction (Galang et al., 2015) and its implications on ingroup inclusion, intergroup behavior, and self-esteem (Brewer Yuki, 2007). This theory is further discussed here, particularly its conception of group identification and esteem, to give context to BIRG and the framework of analysis that will be usedRead MoreAdolescent Identity Formation By Erik Erikson s Psychosocial Theory Of Identity Development2352 Words   |  10 PagesCarter, Lauren Professor Christan Amundsen Psych 2314 12, April 2015 Adolescent Identity Formation Adolescence is defined as the developmental stage between childhood and adulthood typically beginning at age twelve and ending at age twenty. This stage for most adolescents is a complex time in which physical, cognitive and social development is at its peak. The balance between life as a child and the quest to transition into the independence of young adulthood presents many challenges within theRead MoreCritically Evaluate Social Identity Theory2060 Words   |  9 PagesCritically evaluate Social Identity Theory. Who are you? Who am I? These are questions that we all ponder at some point or another in our lives. As human beings we are seemingly inundated with the desire to classify and categorise. We are constantly defining and analysing the differences that we observe in the world, it seems only natural that we would apply this method of classification to our position within our society. More specifically, we want to understand our social identities and this can be achieved